Hyperpigmentation: Say Goodbye To Dark Spots

                                                             Dark Spots = Hyperpigmentation

Brown or dark spots, also more formally known as Hyperpigmentation, are a common skin concern, especially when they appear on the face. This can be a distressing condition for many, so we are sharing some information about the types, causes, and possible treatments, including effective topical products.

Hyperpigmentation refers to the darkening of the skin in certain areas due to an excess of melanin (the pigment responsible for our skin color). It can appear as spots, patches or overall darkening in various areas, most notably the face.

Types of Hyperpigmentation

1. Melasma: Often appearing as larger brown patches. Melasma is commonly seen on the cheeks, forehead and upper lip. It is often linked to hormonal changes, such as pregnancy or use of birth control, and can be exacerbated by sun exposure.
2. Post Inflammatory Pigmentation (PIH): This type of hyperpigmentation occurs after an injury or inflammation to the skin, such as acne, eczema, or burn. It often appears as flat spots of discoloration to the affected area.
3. Sun Spots: These are small dark spots that develop due to prolonged sun exposure, commonly seen on the face, hands, and arms. They tend to become more common with age.

Causes of Hyperpigmentation

1. Sun Exposure: UV radiation triggers the production of melanin, leading to dark spots or patches
2. Hormonal Changes: Fluctuations in hormones, especially during pregnancy, can lead to melasma
3. Skin injury or inflammation: conditions like acne, eczema, or even cuts can lead to PIH
4. Certain medications: Some medications such as certain antibiotics, chemotherapy, or hormonal drugs can cause hyperpigmentation

Treatments for Hyperpigmentation

Professional Treatments:

1. Chemical Peels: These use acids to exfoliate the skin, removing the outer layer and reducing the appearance of dark spots, along with many other benefits.
2. Laser Therapy: Lasers target and break down melanin in the skin, helping to fade hyperpigmentation and vascular lesions (redness)
3. Microneedling: This treatment stimulates collagen production, which can help in the reduction of pigmentation over time.

Topical Treatments

As there are many products and ingredients that help a variety of skin concerns, here are a few of the top ingredients to help fight dark spots:

1. Hydroquinone: A skin-lightening agent that reduces the production of melanin. It’s considered one of the most effective treatments for hyperpigmentation. (Not to be used for long periods of time, use under the direction of your esthetician or derm)
2. Retinoids: These increase cell turnover and help fade dark spots over time. Retinoids are often used in conjunction with other treatments.
3. Vitamin C: An antioxidant that brightens the skin and inhibits melanin production. It’s commonly found in serums and moisturizers.
4. Niacinamide: This form of Vitamin B3 can reduce inflammation and inhibit the transfer of pigment to skin cells, helping to fade dark spots.
5. Azelaic Acid: Effective in treating both acne and PIH, azelaic acid helps to even out skin tone.
6. Kojic Acid: Derived from fungi, kojic acid is another agent that can lighten skin by inhibiting melanin production.

Preventive Measures

1. Sun Protection: Daily use of sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30 is CRUCIAL in preventing further darkening of existing hyperpigmentation and the formation of new spots.
2. Avoid Picking at the Skin: Avoiding the temptation to pick at acne or scabs can prevent PIH.

Here Are Some Products Known For Their Effectiveness In Treating Hyperpigmentation

There are THOUSANDS of products on the market, here are just a few in different price ranges for examples of products that help fight pigmentation. If you want a more specific recommendation for your skin type I would be happy to discuss this more with you!

1. Obagi Nu-Derm Clear Fx: Contains arbutin and other natural ingredients that help in reducing hyperpigmentation.
2. Glymed+ Pigment Brightening Serum: 30 days to brighter, clearer skin. Contains Glycolic Acid, 1-Methylhydantoin-2-Imide, Phytic Acid, Aloe Vera, Green Tea
3. Skinceuticals Discoloration Defense: Combines tranexamic acid, kojic acid, and niacinamide to target stubborn dark spots.
4. The Ordinary Alpha Arbutin 2% + HA: A budget-friendly option that uses alpha arbutin, known for its skin-brightening effects.
5. La Roche-Posay Mela-D Pigment Control Glycolic Acid Serum: Contains glycolic acid, kojic acid, and micro-exfoliating LHA to help fade hyperpigmentation.

Hyperpigmentation is a common issue, but with the right understanding and treatment, it’s possible to manage and reduce its appearance. If you’re considering treatment, we recommend starting with sun protection and incorporating topical treatments as needed. Professional treatments will get you further results quicker, but home care is essential in maintaining what we accomplish in the studio.

And, as always, for my lovely, loyal lash clients- just a reminder you receive 40% off all add-on services- always!

What is an add-on service? Any service we offer that can be performed in approximately 15 mins or less while you’re here for your lash appointment. This includes things like laser hair removal for underarms, upper lip, chin, etc. If you’re unsure about a service feel free to ask!